The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6
IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition
Copyright © 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.

NAME

stdio.h - standard buffered input/output

SYNOPSIS

#include <stdio.h>

DESCRIPTION

[CX] [Option Start] Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends the ISO C standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test macro (see the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 2.2, The Compilation Environment) to enable the visibility of these symbols in this header. [Option End]

The <stdio.h> header shall define the following macros as positive integer constant expressions:

BUFSIZ
Size of <stdio.h> buffers.
_IOFBF
Input/output fully buffered.
_IOLBF
Input/output line buffered.
_IONBF
Input/output unbuffered.
L_ctermid
[CX] [Option Start] Maximum size of character array to hold ctermid() output. [Option End]
L_tmpnam
Maximum size of character array to hold tmpnam() output.
SEEK_CUR
Seek relative to current position.
SEEK_END
Seek relative to end-of-file.
SEEK_SET
Seek relative to start-of-file.

The following macros shall be defined as positive integer constant expressions which denote implementation limits:

{FILENAME_MAX}
Maximum size in bytes of the longest filename string that the implementation guarantees can be opened.
{FOPEN_MAX}
Number of streams which the implementation guarantees can be open simultaneously. The value is at least eight.
{TMP_MAX}
Minimum number of unique filenames generated by tmpnam(). Maximum number of times an application can call tmpnam() reliably. The value of {TMP_MAX} is at least 25. [XSI] [Option Start]  On XSI-conformant systems, the value of {TMP_MAX} is at least 10000. [Option End]

The following macro name shall be defined as a negative integer constant expression:

EOF
End-of-file return value.

The following macro name shall be defined as a null pointer constant:

NULL
Null pointer.

The following macro name shall be defined as a string constant:

P_tmpdir
[XSI] [Option Start] Default directory prefix for tempnam(). [Option End]

The following shall be defined as expressions of type "pointer to FILE" that point to the FILE objects associated, respectively, with the standard error, input, and output streams:

stderr
Standard error output stream.
stdin
Standard input stream.
stdout
Standard output stream.

The following data types shall be defined through typedef:

FILE
A structure containing information about a file.
fpos_t
A non-array type containing all information needed to specify uniquely every position within a file.
va_list
[XSI] [Option Start] As described in <stdarg.h>. [Option End]
size_t
As described in <stddef.h>.

The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

void     clearerr(FILE *);
[CX][Option Start]
char    *ctermid(char *);
[Option End]
int      fclose(FILE *);
[CX][Option Start]
FILE    *fdopen(int, const char *);
[Option End]
int      feof(FILE *);
int      ferror(FILE *);
int      fflush(FILE *);
int      fgetc(FILE *);
int      fgetpos(FILE *restrict, fpos_t *restrict);
char    *fgets(char *restrict, int, FILE *restrict);
[CX][Option Start]
int      fileno(FILE *);
[Option End]
[TSF][Option Start]
void     flockfile(FILE *);
[Option End]
FILE    *fopen(const char *restrict, const char *restrict);
int      fprintf(FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, ...);
int      fputc(int, FILE *);
int      fputs(const char *restrict, FILE *restrict);
size_t   fread(void *restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE *restrict);
FILE    *freopen(const char *restrict, const char *restrict,
             FILE *restrict);
int      fscanf(FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, ...);
int      fseek(FILE *, long, int);
[CX][Option Start]
int      fseeko(FILE *, off_t, int);
[Option End]
int      fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
long     ftell(FILE *);
[CX][Option Start]
off_t    ftello(FILE *);
[Option End]
[TSF][Option Start]
int      ftrylockfile(FILE *);
void     funlockfile(FILE *);
[Option End]
size_t   fwrite(const void *restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE *restrict);
int      getc(FILE *);
int      getchar(void);
[TSF][Option Start]
int      getc_unlocked(FILE *);
int      getchar_unlocked(void);
[Option End]
char    *gets(char *);
[CX][Option Start]
int      pclose(FILE *);
[Option End]
void     perror(const char *);
[CX][Option Start]
FILE    *popen(const char *, const char *);
[Option End]
int      printf(const char *restrict, ...);
int      putc(int, FILE *);
int      putchar(int);
[TSF][Option Start]
int      putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
int      putchar_unlocked(int);
[Option End]
int      puts(const char *);
int      remove(const char *);
int      rename(const char *, const char *);
void     rewind(FILE *);
int      scanf(const char *restrict, ...);
void     setbuf(FILE *restrict, char *restrict);
int      setvbuf(FILE *restrict, char *restrict, int, size_t);
int      snprintf(char *restrict, size_t, const char *restrict, ...);
int      sprintf(char *restrict, const char *restrict, ...);
int      sscanf(const char *restrict, const char *restrict, int ...);
[XSI][Option Start]
char    *tempnam(const char *, const char *);
[Option End]
FILE    *tmpfile(void);
char    *tmpnam(char *);
int      ungetc(int, FILE *);
int      vfprintf(FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, va_list);
int      vfscanf(FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, va_list);
int      vprintf(const char *restrict, va_list);
int      vscanf(const char *restrict, va_list);
int      vsnprintf(char *restrict, size_t, const char *restrict,
             va_list);
int      vsprintf(char *restrict, const char *restrict, va_list);
int      vsscanf(const char *restrict, const char *restrict,
             va_list arg);

[XSI] [Option Start] Inclusion of the <stdio.h> header may also make visible all symbols from <stddef.h>. [Option End]


The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE

None.

RATIONALE

None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

None.

SEE ALSO

<stdarg.h>, <stddef.h>, <sys/types.h>, the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, clearerr(), ctermid(), fclose(), fdopen(), fgetc(), fgetpos(), ferror(), feof(), fflush(), fgets(), fileno(), flockfile(), fopen(), fputc(), fputs(), fread(), freopen(), fseek(), fsetpos(), ftell(), fwrite(), getc(), getc_unlocked(), getwchar(), getchar(), getopt(), gets(), pclose(), perror(), popen(), printf(), putc(), putchar(), puts(), putwchar(), remove(), rename(), rewind(), scanf(), setbuf(), setvbuf(), sscanf(), stdin, system(), tempnam(), tmpfile(), tmpnam(), ungetc(), vfscanf(), vscanf(), vprintf(), vsscanf()

CHANGE HISTORY

First released in Issue 1. Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID.

Issue 5

The DESCRIPTION is updated for alignment with the POSIX Threads Extension.

Large File System extensions are added.

The constant L_cuserid and the external variables optarg, opterr, optind, and optopt are marked as extensions and LEGACY.

The cuserid() and getopt() functions are marked LEGACY.

Issue 6

The constant L_cuserid and the external variables optarg, opterr, optind, and optopt are removed as they were previously marked LEGACY.

The cuserid(), getopt(), and getw() functions are removed as they were previously marked LEGACY.

Several functions are marked as part of the Thread-Safe Functions option.

This reference page is updated to align with the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard. Note that the description of the fpos_t type is now explicitly updated to exclude array types.

Extensions beyond the ISO C standard are marked.

End of informative text.

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POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.
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